| Course Unit Code | 619-3025/01 |
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| Number of ECTS Credits Allocated | 4 ECTS credits |
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| Type of Course Unit * | Compulsory |
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| Level of Course Unit * | Second Cycle |
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| Year of Study * | First Year |
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| Semester when the Course Unit is delivered | Winter Semester |
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| Mode of Delivery | Face-to-face |
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| Language of Instruction | Czech |
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| Prerequisites and Co-Requisites | |
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| Prerequisities | Course Unit Code | Course Unit Title |
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| 619-0403 | Physical Chemistry Fundamentals of Combustion and Explosion Processes |
| Name of Lecturer(s) | Personal ID | Name |
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| DOB30 | prof. Ing. Jana Dobrovská, CSc. |
| R1E37 | doc. Ing. Lenka Řeháčková, Ph.D. |
| Summary |
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Application of the physico-chemical laws on the processes of combustion,
explosion and extiguishing.
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| Learning Outcomes of the Course Unit |
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- to define the thermodynamic quantities and thermodynamic laws
- to describe the chemical equilibrium – to monitor the dependence of the
equilibrium constant on state variables (dependence on temperature, dependence
on pressure)
– to utilize Le Chatelier’s principle (effect of initial composition, pressure
and inert component on the equilibrium composition)
- to describe the phase equilibrium - Gibbs phase rule, phase equilibria of pure
substances and liquid-vapour equilibrium in mixtures
- to define and apply basic principles of chemical kinetics - rate of chemical
reaction, kinetic equation, order of reaction, rate constant, the theory of
reaction rates
- to describe basic steps of heterogeneous process - physical processes limiting
kinetics of heterogeneous processes, diffusion, the Fick's first and second
law, adsorption, adsorption isotherms
- to apply the chemical thermodynamics a kinetics on the processes of
combustion, explosion and extinguishing |
| Course Contents |
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1. Introduction to the subject. The First law of thermodynamics, definition, signification, constant pressure heat, constant volume heat, enthalpy.
Theoretical calculation of reaction heats. Heat of combustion. Heat of explosion. Variation of the reaction heat with temperature - Kirchhoff’s equations and their utilization. Adiabatic reaction temperature.
2. The second law of thermodynamics. Thermodynamic potentials – Helmholtz and Gibbs free energy, significance and application. Chemical equilibrium.
3. Phase equilibrium. Gibbs phase rule, phase diagram of a one-component system (phase diagram for water). Evaporation of pure liquid. Clapeyron and Clausius-Clapeyron equation. Solutions, Raoult’s law. Distillation.
4. Chemical kinetics, basic terms - rate of chemical reaction, law of mass action, (Guldberg-Waage law), molecularity, order of reaction. Kinetics of first-order reactions, reaction half-life. Second-order reactions, nth-order reactions. Mechanisms of chemical reactions, rate-determining steps in consecutive and parallel reactions.
5. Temperature dependence of the rate of a chemical reaction - Arrhenius equation. Activation energy of chemical reaction – temperature dependence. Pressure dependence of the rate of a chemical reaction. Effect of concentration on reaction rate. Principles of catalysis, effect of catalysts and inhibitors on chemical reaction rate.
6. Collision theory of reaction rate. Activated-complex theory - theory of absolute reaction rates.
7. Kinetics of heterogeneous chemical reactions - elementary reaction steps in heterogenous process, diffusion, laws of diffusion and mathematical solution.
8. Consecutive and parallel diffusion, diffusion folloved by chemical reaction on phase interface.
9. Adsorption, adsorption of gases on solid surfaces, Freundlich and Langmuir adsorption isotherm. Adsorption folloved by chemical reaction on phase interface. Adsorption from liquid solutions, Gibbs adsorption isotherm.
10. Mechanism of burning reaction, theory of chain reactions - mathematical solution of differential equations.
11. Theory of thermal autoignition, flame temperature, calculation and graphic methods of flame temperature determination.
12. Dispersion explosive systems, general characteristics and concepts. Colloidal-dispersion systems and their properties. Adsorption from solution. Heterogeneous colloidal dispersions.
13. Theory of burning dispersion systems, hot cores. Burning mechanism of dust dispersions, kinetic and diffusion burning. |
| Recommended or Required Reading |
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| Required Reading: |
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ATKINS, P. W. a Julio DE PAULA. Atkins' Physical chemistry. 10th ed. Oxford: Oxford University Press, c2014. ISBN 978-0-19-969740-3.
WARNATZ, Jürgen, Robert W DIBBLE a Ulrich MAAS. Combustion: physical and chemical fundamentals, modelling and simulation, experiments, pollutant formation. Berlin: Springer, c1996. ISBN 3-540-60730-7. |
NOVÁK, Josef. Fyzikální chemie: bakalářský a magisterský kurz.Praha: Vydavatelství VŠCHT, 2008. ISBN 978-80-7080-675-3. Dostupné též z: http://www.vscht.cz/fch/cz/pomucky/FCH4Mgr.pdf
BARTOVSKÁ, Lidmila a Marie ŠIŠKOVÁ. Fyzikální chemie povrchů a koloidních soustav. Vyd. 6., přeprac. Praha: Vydavatelství VŠCHT, 2010. ISBN 978-80-7080-745-3.
Dostupné též z:
https://vydavatelstvi.vscht.cz/katalog/publikace?uid=uid_isbn-978-80-7080-745-3
TREINDL, Ľudovít. Chemická kinetika. Bratislava: Slovenské pedagogické nakladateľstvo, 1978.
KALOUSEK, Jaroslav. Základy fyzikální chemie hoření, výbuchu a hašení. 2. vyd. V Ostravě: Sdružení požárního a bezpečnostního inženýrství, 1999. SPBI Spektrum. Červená řada, 4. ISBN 80-86111-34-2.
ATKINS, P. W. a Julio DE PAULA. Atkins' Physical chemistry. 10th ed. Oxford: Oxford University Press, c2014. ISBN 978-0-19-969740-3.
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| Recommended Reading: |
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ATKINS, P. W. The elements of physical chemistry. 2nd ed. Oxford: Oxford University Press, c1996. ISBN 0-19-855953-4.
STRAHLE, Warren C. An introduction to combustion. Langhorne: Gordon and Breach, c1993. Combustion science and technology book series, vol. 1. ISBN 2-88124-586-2.
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MOORE, Walter J. Fyzikální chemie. 2., nezměn. vyd. Přeložil Čestmír ČERNÝ, přeložil Alexandr SCHÜTZ. Praha: SNTL - Nakladatelství technické literatury, 1981.
NOVOTNÝ, M. Bezpečnostní inženýrství I. Výbuchy hořlavých plynů a prachů. VŠCHT v Pardubicích, Pardubice 1988.
KELLÖ, Vojtech a Alexander TKÁČ. Fyzikálna chémia. 3. upr. vyd. Bratislava: Alfa, 1977. Edícia chemickej literatúry.
ATKINS, P. W. The elements of physical chemistry. 2nd ed. Oxford: Oxford University Press, c1996. ISBN 0-19-855953-4. |
| Planned learning activities and teaching methods |
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| Lectures, Individual consultations, Tutorials |
| Assesment methods and criteria |
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| Task Title | Task Type | Maximum Number of Points
(Act. for Subtasks) | Minimum Number of Points for Task Passing |
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| Credit and Examination | Credit and Examination | 100 (100) | 51 |
| Credit | Credit | 38 (38) | 12 |
| Písemka | Written test | 36 | 12 |
| Jiný typ úlohy | Other task type | 2 | 0 |
| Examination | Examination | 62 (62) | 16 |
| Písemná zkouška | Written examination | 12 | 4 |
| Ústní zkouška | Oral examination | 50 | 12 |