| Course Unit Code | 460-4078/01 |
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| Number of ECTS Credits Allocated | 4 ECTS credits |
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| Type of Course Unit * | Choice-compulsory type A |
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| Level of Course Unit * | Second Cycle |
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| Year of Study * | First Year |
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| Semester when the Course Unit is delivered | Winter Semester |
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| Mode of Delivery | Face-to-face |
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| Language of Instruction | Czech |
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| Prerequisites and Co-Requisites | There are no prerequisites or co-requisites for this course unit |
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| Name of Lecturer(s) | Personal ID | Name |
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| FAB038 | Ing. Tomáš Fabián, Ph.D. |
| Summary |
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| The course is a free continuation of the introductory bachelor's course Basics of Computer Graphics and covers the main principles of photorealistic image synthesis. The following topics are discussed: ray tracing method, illumination models, light reflection models from the surface (BRDF), rendering equation, basics of Monte Carlo method for simulating light transport, ensuring physical correctness of results, accelerating calculation, image smoothing and description of basic optical material models. The course includes exercises, during which the topics discussed in lectures are practically implemented in the form of implementation of credit programs. Theoretical knowledge gained during discussion of partial tasks serve as a basis for practical implementation of specific examples during exercises. Exercises closely correspond to the lectures and the implementation of the aforementioned topics in the C++ language environment is assumed. |
| Learning Outcomes of the Course Unit |
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The aim of the course is to deepen the basic knowledge of computer graphics, with which the student could get acquainted in the bachelor's study. After completing the course, the student will understand the basic principles of modern methods of photorealistic scene rendering. Selected methods will be able to describe, implement and create applications for rendering images based on the physical principles of world propagation, with emphasis on global methods.
The graduate of the course will able to:
- define the basic structures and operations used in computer graphics with a focus on image synthesis using ray tracing techniques,
- orientation in algorithms for recursive ray tracing,
- formulate the difference between local and global methods of lighting calculation,
- solve the rendering equation by Monte Carlo method,
- propose techniques to accelerate the convergence of stochastic methods,
- design acceleration structures to accelerate the passage of the beam through the scene,
- specify the main optical properties of selected types of materials,
- create powerful parallelized applications for photorealistic image synthesis. |
| Course Contents |
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Lectures:
1. Physical and mathematical basics of image synthesis (light, radiometric and photometric quantities, color systems).
2. Camera model, depth of field, affine spaces and transformations, matrix notation, change of basis, coordinate systems.
3. Ray tracing method, calculation of ray intersections with geometrical objects.
4. Basic types of materials, models of light reflection, textures, BRDF.
5. Microsurface models (Cook-Torrance, Oren-Nayar), general BxDF.
6. Supersampling and anti-aliasing, gamma correction.
7. Acceleration methods, acceleration data structures and parallelization.
8. Rendering equation (Kajiya) and its solution using Monte Carlo methods.
9. Path tracing, variance reduction techniques (importance sampling, russian roulette, next event estimation, direct lighting).
10. Light sources (sampling, image based lighting)
11. Bi-directional path tracing, photon mapping.
12. Spectral tracing, tone mapping.
13. Other methods of photorealistic rendering of scenes.
14. Other methods of modeling and displaying solids (boundary models, CSG, distance function).
Practical exercise on computer labs:
1. Data loading and representation, used libraries (e.g. Embree, OptiX).
2. Implementation of a simple camera.
3. Basic ray casting (A. Appel).
4. Implementation of diffusion materials and Phong's illumination model.
5. Metal surfaces (reflection) and dielectric materials (refraction and attenuation), Whitted's recursive ray tracing.
6. Supersampling and anti-aliasing, gamma correction.
7. Acceleration of calculation.
8. Basic path tracing.
9. Acceleration of convergence, implementation of selected BRDF.
10. Sampling of light sources.
11. Complete the implementation of the basic path tracer.
12. Improving the graphical output of the ray tracer (tone mapping).
13. Reserve for completing individual tasks.
14. Checking the assigned tasks.
The exercises solve specific tasks from the discussed area. The implementation language is C++. |
| Recommended or Required Reading |
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| Required Reading: |
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[1] Pharr, M., Jakob, W., Humphreys, G.: Physically Based Rendering, Third Edition: From Theory to Implementation, Morgan Kaufmann, 2016, 1266 pages, ISBN 978-0128006450.
[2] Sojka, E.: Počítačová grafika II: metody a nástroje pro zobrazování 3D scén, VŠB-TU Ostrava, 2003 (ISBN 80-248-0293-7).
[3] Sojka, E., Němec, M., Fabián, T.: Matematické základy počítačové grafiky, VŠB-TU Ostrava, 2011. |
[1] Pharr, M., Jakob, W., Humphreys, G.: Physically Based Rendering, Third Edition: From Theory to Implementation, Morgan Kaufmann, 2016, 1266 pages, ISBN 978-0128006450.
[2] Sojka, E.: Počítačová grafika II: metody a nástroje pro zobrazování 3D scén, VŠB-TU Ostrava, 2003 (ISBN 80-248-0293-7).
[3] Sojka, E., Němec, M., Fabián, T.: Matematické základy počítačové grafiky, VŠB-TU Ostrava, 2011. |
| Recommended Reading: |
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[1] Shirley, P., Morley, R. K.: Realistic Ray Tracing, Second Edition, AK Peters, 2003, 235 pages, ISBN 978-1568814612.
[2] Akenine-Moller, T., Haines, E., Hoffman, N.: Real-Time Rendering, Third Edition, AK Peters, 2008, 1045 pages, ISBN 978-1568814247.
[3] Dutré, P.: Global Illumination Compendium, 2003, 68 pages.
[4] Ryer, A. D.: The Light Measurement Handbook, 1997, 64 pages. |
[1] Shirley, P., Morley, R. K.: Realistic Ray Tracing, Second Edition, AK Peters, 2003, 235 pages, ISBN 978-1568814612.
[2] Akenine-Moller, T., Haines, E., Hoffman, N.: Real-Time Rendering, Third Edition, AK Peters, 2008, 1045 pages, ISBN 978-1568814247.
[3] Dutré, P.: Global Illumination Compendium, 2003, 68 pages.
[4] Ryer, A. D.: The Light Measurement Handbook, 1997, 64 pages. |
| Planned learning activities and teaching methods |
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| Lectures, Tutorials |
| Assesment methods and criteria |
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| Task Title | Task Type | Maximum Number of Points
(Act. for Subtasks) | Minimum Number of Points for Task Passing |
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| Credit and Examination | Credit and Examination | 100 (100) | 51 |
| Credit | Credit | 45 | 20 |
| Examination | Examination | 55 | 6 |