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Steam Turbines

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Course Unit Code361-0539/03
Number of ECTS Credits Allocated5 ECTS credits
Type of Course Unit *Compulsory
Level of Course Unit *Second Cycle
Year of Study *Second Year
Semester when the Course Unit is deliveredWinter Semester
Mode of DeliveryFace-to-face
Language of InstructionCzech
Prerequisites and Co-Requisites Course succeeds to compulsory courses of previous semester
Name of Lecturer(s)Personal IDName
KOL10doc. Ing. Kamil Kolarčík, CSc.
SMI0020Ing. Zdeněk Šmída, Ph.D.
Summary
The subject belongs to a group of subjects which closely follows the subjects of thermomechanics, physics and hydromechanics.
Students acquire basic knowledge and awareness from the field of study the energy transformation in turbines. Creative thinking is further developed in complex theoretical calculations of the individual components of these energy transformation machines. An integral part of the teaching is the practical measurement of the energetic properties at measuring stands in laboratories. The aim of the subject is to form a professional profile of a graduate who will work as a designer of these energy transformation machines respectively as their operator with both technical and economic knowledge of categories and minimal disruption to the environment.
Learning Outcomes of the Course Unit
The aim of the subject is the gaining of an overview in the area of using individual types of steam turbines. Describe the processes that characterize energy transformation in individual thermal turbines. Describe the basic energy and economic evaluation criteria for steam turbines. Discussion of the economic and environmental consequences of energy transformation processes in turbines. Design of a complex solution for the management of energy processes in the machine halls of heat centrals.
Course Contents
1. Thermal cycles of steam turbines - R-C cycle.
2. Thermal cycles of steam turbines the calculation of the thermal cycle, the definition of the direct efficiency and the comparing efficiency.
3. Thermal cycles of steam turbines - Carnotization of steam cycles by the change of the pressure in the condenser, by the change of the admission steam parameters.
4. Thermal cycles of steam turbines - Carnotization of steam cycles by the regeneration of the feeding water and by the intermediate superheating of superheated steam.
5. Types of steam turbines - the condensing turbine, the backpressure turbine and the extracting turbine.
6. The working process of the ideal and the actual steam turbine in the temperature-entropy (T-s) and the enthalpy-entropy (i-s) diagram. The expansion curve. Euler´s turbine equation.
7. Types of axial turbine stages - the reaction stage, the 2D bladed grid, u/c1, the max. enthalpy difference.
8. Types of axial turbine stages - the action stage, the 2D bladed grid, u/c1, the max. enthalpy difference.
9. Types of axial turbine stages - the Curtis stage, the 2D bladed grid, u/c1, the max. enthalpy difference.
10. Types of turbine stages - radial steam turbines - the main turbine equation, velocity triangles.
11. Accessories R-C steam cycle and steam turbines - the additional machine devices - I.
12. Accessories R-C steam cycle and steam turbines - the additional machine devices - II.
13. Regulation and control of steam turbines performance.
14. Practical operation of steam turbines - the expert from practice.
Recommended or Required Reading
Required Reading:
TADASHI, Tanuma. Advances in Steam Turbines for Modern Power Plants. 2nd Edition. Tokyo, Japan: Woodhead Publishing, 2022, 680 s. ISBN 9780323915519.
X. PEREZ, Robert a David W. LAWHON. Operator's Guide to General Purpose Steam Turbines: An Overview of Operating Principles, Construction, Best Practices, and Troubleshooting. 1. Salem, Massachusetts: Scrivener Publishing LLC., 2016, 336 s. ISBN 978-1-119-29446-7. Dostupné z: doi:10.1002/9781119294474Alexander S. Leyzerovich: Steam Turbines for Modern Fossil Fuel Power Plants. The Fairmont Press, Inc., 700 Indian Trail, Lilburn, GA 30047. 2007. ISBN 0-88173-548-5 (print edition : alk. paper), ISBN 0-88173-549-3 (electronic edition,)ISBN 1-4200-6102-X (taylor & francis (distributor) : alk. paper)
BLOCH, P. Heinz, MURARI P. Singh. Steam Turbines Design, Applications and Re-Rating – Second Edition. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2009, 414 p. ISBN: 978-0-07-150821-6.
KADRNOŽKA, J.: Lopatkové stroje. Akademické nakladatelství CERM, s. r. o. Brno, 2003. ISBN 80-7204-297-1.
KADRNOŽKA, J.: Tepelné turbíny a turbokompresory. Nakladatelství CERM, s. r. o, Brno,2004. ISBN 80-7204-346-3.
Recommended Reading:
LOGAN, E.Jr.: Handbook of Turbomachinery (Mechanical Engineering, No. 158) (2 ed.). New York: Marcel Dekker, 2003. ISBN 0-8247-0995-0.
KHAN, A., A.; GORLA, R.,S.R.: Turbomachinery: Design and Theory. New York: Marcel Dekker, 2003. ISBN 0-8247-0980-2.
DONALD, K. M. B. Marine steam turbines. London: Marine Media Management, 1977, 141 p. ISBN: 0900976 58 6.
DIXON, S. Larry; HALL, Cesare. Fluid mechanics and thermodynamics of turbomachinery – Fourth Edition. Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann, 2013, 321 p. ISBN: 0 7506 7059 2.
SCHOBEIRI, M. T. Turbomachinery Flow Physics and Dynamic Performance. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer, 2005, 522 p. ISBN: 3-540-22368-1.
ŠČEGLAJEV, V.: Parní turbíny. Praha, SNTL, 1983.
BEČVÁŘ, J.: Tepelné turbíny. Praha, SNTL, 1968.
Planned learning activities and teaching methods
Lectures, Seminars, Individual consultations, Tutorials, Experimental work in labs, Project work, Field trip, Teaching by an expert (lecture or tutorial)
Assesment methods and criteria
Task TitleTask TypeMaximum Number of Points
(Act. for Subtasks)
Minimum Number of Points for Task Passing
Credit and ExaminationCredit and Examination100 (100)51
        CreditCredit35 16
        ExaminationExamination65 35