1. Introduction to Waste Management. Causes of waste. Species and
categories of waste. Historical development of waste management. Hazardous Properties
waste. Evaluation of the hazards of waste. Sources and incidence of waste. Priorities
waste. Use of waste. Recycling and recovery of waste. Costs
waste disposal.
2. Legislation on waste management. Act No. 185/2001 Coll. the
waste. The concept of waste, hazardous waste, municipal waste and other terms.
The classification of waste according to Waste. Authorization for evaluation of hazardous
properties of waste. Certificate of absence of hazardous properties of waste.
General obligations in waste management.
3. Ministry Decree No. 383/2001 Coll. details of waste management.
Request for approval to operate a facility for recovery, disposal, purchase and
waste collection. Technical requirements for equipment to use, disposal, collection
and purchase of waste. The technical requirements for landfills and their operation conditions.
The method of evaluation of waste leaching under.
4. Ministry Decree No. 381/2001 Coll. Establishing a catalog of waste. List
Hazardous waste classification procedure for waste according to EWC.
Green, yellow and red list wastes. The procedure for granting permission to import,
export and transit of waste. Ministry Decree No. 376/2001 Coll. Assessment
hazardous waste characteristics. Person in charge. The definition of hazardous
properties of waste. Methods for evaluation of hazardous properties of waste. Consumption
samples. The procedure for evaluation of hazardous properties. Certificate of Exclusion
hazardous properties.
5. Municipal waste. Collection of municipal wastes. Classification and
Separate collection of municipal wastes. Hazardous substances in municipal wastes.
The use of municipal wastes. Disposal of municipal solid waste. Problems
the municipal waste landfill. Mechanical sorting of household waste.
Material and energy recovery of municipal wastes. Packaging materials
municipal wastes. Representation of individual components of household waste. Influence
the packaging on the environment. Sludge from municipal sewage treatment plants.
Raw sludge and stabilized sludge. The composition of sludge from wastewater treatment plants (pathogenic micro-organisms, heavy metals). Thickening, stabilization, dewatering, disinfection.
Anaerobic stabilization, biogas production. Combustion and pyrolysis of sludge from wastewater treatment plants.Wastes from the food industry. Types of waste generated and the compen
food processing. Animal fats and dairy products (containing PCBs). Waste
water with high content of NaCl, NO3-, NO2-, antibiotics. Use of waste as
feed, food waste, energy use, biological transformation of compost
and biogas.
6. Waste from industry. Oxygen compounds (alcohols, phenols, aldehydes,
ketones), nitrogen compounds (amines, trinitrotoluene, nitriles), sulfur
compounds (thiols, sulfides), hydrocarbons, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
PAHs, halogenated hydrocarbons, polychlorinated biphenyls. Recycling and recovery
industrial waste. The basic concept of treatment of industrial waste.
Ecological aspects of industrial waste. Basic processing techniques and
industrial waste disposal (incineration, pyrolytic decomposition, the melting
slag, neutralization and precipitation, desalting, anaerobic digestion). waste
inorganic chemical production. Sulfuric acid, ammonia, sodium hydroxide,
chlorine, phosphoric acid, nitric acid. Recycling of used catalysts
and sludge. Wastes containing fluoride. Cyanides. Wastes from organic chemical
production. Surfactants, organic dyes, pigments, pharmaceuticals, pesticides. Polymer
waste (ethylene, phenol, propylene, formaldehyde). Metal-bearing wastes. Galvanic
bath. Iron oxides. Chelatizační agents. Recycling of metal waste
content of aluminum, copper, lead, cadmium. Wastes from the production of metals. Waste from
metalworking. Amortization management. Methods of treatment and recovery.
Processing of galvanic sludge. Waste from glass plants. Fragments
containing metal impurities (Pb, Se, Sb, Cd), slag and lining High
containing heavy metals. Grinding residue waste is abrasive. Waste glass etching.
Regeneration of glass fibers.
7. Wastes from industries. Cement powder, Chlorinated hydrocarbons (chlorinated biphenyls, dioxins, furans). Used Cooling liquid emulsion cutting machining operations. Remnants of paint and paint shops spray boxes. Detergents. Spent oil filters and used grease from dismantled machines. Oil sludge from hardening of the spa remnants of scale. Waste from construction activities. Waste from building construction. Waste from transportation and civil engineering. Soils and excavation materials, construction debris, Road demolition materials, construction waste from construction sites. Modification of construction waste and its recovery.
8. Wastes from the leather industry. Chemical materials to dissolve
animal skins for leather (concentrated solution of lime and hydrate of sodium sulfate).
Waste from chromočinění, chromium salts, sodium formate. Waste from leather
production processes (waste oil, waste hair, keratin waste). Evaluation and utilization
Waste from the leather industry. Wastes from the textile industry. Synthetic
polymer fibers. Dyes, lubricants and antistatic agents (nitrophenol
aromatic amines, sulfur compounds). Types of textile materials and their
generated waste (fiber, yarn, textile surface formations nesortimentní
waste). Appropriate methods of recovery and processing of textile waste.
9. Waste from the energy industry. The waste products of energy
Industry (ash, fly ash, slag). The harmful effect of ash on health and
environment. Use of fly ash and slag in construction (concrete, brick
production, fillers in cement, road construction). The practical possibilities of
fly ash in agriculture. Wastes from the manufacture of electrical equipment containing PCBs.
Mixtures of chemicals in the manufacture of photographic materials. Waste from the desulfurization equipment.
PVC container. Wastes from the manufacture of electrical components.
10. Wastes from mining, transportation, processing and use of oil. Volatile organic
VOC substances. Spent lubricating oil UMO. Wastes generated during oil transport
(Maritime transport, transport pipelines, road and rail transport). Procedures
due to accidents on water bodies and streams. Emissions from processing plants
oil. Liquid wastes generated during oil refining. Refinery sludge.
Technological waste streams resulting from processing oil refining waste
petroleum oils, spent bleaching clay, coating and incrustation from storage
tanks, contaminated soil and dust). Spent refining agents and
chemicals. Minimizing the amount of waste. Optimize the use of
refinery wastes. Final refined methods of processing waste.
11. Waste from agriculture and forestry. Wastes from crop production and
treatment (straw, waste pickling seeds, plastic packaging, inorganic
agrochemicals, organic pesticide residues). Waste from livestock production.
Litter and litter operations. Production of biogas. Utilization and processing of manure.
Processing of agricultural waste abroad. Utilization and processing of wood.
Waste in the pulp. Energy recovery from waste wood. Usage
waste from production of paper and paperboard.
12. Waste treatment technologies. Thermal methods of waste treatment
(Combustion, the general scheme of waste incineration, combustion products and waste
them, pyrolysis of waste).
13. Biological methods of waste treatment. Aerobic and anaerobic degradation and
its principles. Physical, chemical and physico-chemical methods of processing
waste.
14. Storing waste in landfills and underground spaces. Seals and
landfill drainage. Landfill facilities. Exclusion criteria for the construction of landfills.
Reclamation, rehabilitation and aftercare of the landfill. Fees for storage of waste
landfill. Financial reserve.
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