Shapes globe. Circumference and diameter. Grid. Large and small circles. Rhumb lines and ortodroma. Convergence. Mathematical rhumb lines and finding the average ortodromy. Agony isogona. Projections and maps. Display Properties. Spherical trigonometry. ICAO maps. Jeppesson map. Times - UTC, GMT, LNT, ZT. Time zones. Comparative navigation. Dead reckoning.