Skip to main content
Skip header
Terminated in academic year 2021/2022

Classical Analytical Methods

Type of study Follow-up MasterBachelor
Language of instruction Czech
Code 617-2006/01
Abbreviation MKA
Course title Classical Analytical Methods
Credits 5
Coordinating department Department of Chemistry
Course coordinator doc. Mgr. Lucie Bartoňová, Ph.D.

Subject syllabus

Lectures
1. Introduction, fundamental terms, survey of analytical–chemistry methods, variables and units, fundamental analytical calculations, analytical method and procedure, normalization in analytical chemistry, reference materials

2. Reaction kinetics, reaction rate, rate constant, Arrhenius equation, catalysis and autocatalysis, reactions of first, pseude-first and second order, Gibb´s free energy, enthalpy and entropy, chemical equilibria, equilibrium constant, activity, activity coefficient, ionic strenth of solution

3. Neutralization equilibria: acid - base theory, weak and strong acids and bases, buffers, salt hydrolysis, fundamental calculations

4. Complex – formation equilibria: complex types, utilization of complexes in analytical chemistry, stability constant, conditional stability constant, fundamental calculations

5. Precipitation equilibria: solubility product, solubility, solubility examples of some compounds and utilization in analytical chemistry, fundamental calculations

6. Redox equilibria: Electrochemical potential and its calculation, Peters equation, Nernst equation, examples of some important redox systems and its utilization in analytical chemistry, fundamental calculations

7. Evaluation of analytical results – normal distribution, tests for outlying results, precision and acuracy of results and corresponding tests, reference materials, confidence interval, characteristics of analytical methods

8. Sample collection (gaseous, liquid and solid samples), sample preparation prior to analysis and their preconcentration (extraction liquid / liquid phase, liquid/solid phase etc.), sample decomposition, conservation, applications

9. Volumetric analysis – titration curve, equivalence point and its detection, standardization of volumetric solutions, titration types. Neutralization titration: titration of strong acids with strong bases, titration of weak acids and weak bases, calculation of titration curves, indicators and its selection for given reaction, alcalimetry and acidimetry, practical examples

10. Complex-fromation titrations (mercurimetry, chelatometry), titration agents, indicators, effect of pH, titration curve calculations, direct and back titrations, practical examples of utilization

11. Precipitation titrations: argentometry, indication of equivalence point, utilization in analytical praxis. Gravimetry: gravimetric factor, precipitate formation, effect of pH, postprecipitation, filtration and rinsing of precipitates, drying and calcination, organic agents, practical examples

12. Separation methods in classical analytical chemistry: distillation, rectification, sublimation, extraction liquid / liquid phases, ionic exchange, adsorption on various adsorbents, preparational chromatography (column and thin-layer), applications

13. Fundamentals of qualitative analytical chemistry – separation of inorganic anions and cations, groups of cations and anions, verification reactions, elemental analysis (O, C, N and H)

14. Practical examples of analyses of silicates, steel and iron, slags, effluents, fuels etc. Sample collection, decomposition, titration and gravimentic analyses and evaluation of analysis results

Theoretic/calculation classes
1. Fundamental variables, units, mutual relations
2. Analyte content in solution / solid / gaseous sample
3. Mixing of solutions
4. Gravimetry
5. Volumetric analysis (titrations)
6. Volumetric analysis (titrations)
7. Test
8. pH – strong acids and bases
9. pH – weak acids and bases
10. Solubility product
11. Redox potential – fundamental variables and equations
12. Redox potential – effect of oH, equivalence point
13. Quantification and evaluation of analytical results
14. Test

Laboratory classes
1. Safety precautions, organization of laboratory classes, fundamental instructions of analytical glassware, procedures and equipment
2. Fundamental analytical precedures – callibration of pipette / byurette
3. Gravimetric determination of nickel
4. Gravimetric determination of iron
5. Gravimetric determination of calcium
6. Alkalimetric determination of H3PO4,
Cerimetric determination of K4[Fe(CN)6] content
7. Determination of Mn in steel by means of VIS - spectrometry,
Determination of Mn in steel by means of redox titration
8. Alkalimetirc determination of calcium carbonate content in limestone, Alkalimetric determination of boric acid content
9. Chelatometric determination of calcium and magnesium,
Chelatometric determination of aluminium using back titration
10. Determination of neutralizing capacity of water,
Determination of chemical oxygen demand using KMnO4
11. Chelatomeric determination of Bi and Pb,
Mercurimetric determination of choride ions
12. Argentometric determination of chloride ions,
Iodometric determination of iodate ions
13. Determination of iron in iron ore using potassium permanganate titration,
Gravimetric determination of loss on ignition of limestone
14. Finishing operations, missing measurements, test reparation

Literature

CHRISTIAN, Gary D. Analytical chemistry. 5th Ed., New York: John Wiley and Sons, 1994. ISBN 0471597619 .

Advised literature

DE LEVIE, Robert. Aqueous acid-base equilibria ans titrations. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1999. ISBN: 9780198506171 .