1. Overview, significance and perspective of steel production.Distribution of steel and steel products.
2. Physico-chemical nature of steel making under acidic and alkaline conditions.Dephosphorization, desulphurization.
3. Oxidation of carbon. Oxygen in steel.
4. Historical development of steel production. Bessemer converter.
5. Thomas converter.
6. Refractories used in steel aggregates. Production of steel in LD converters. The characteristics of the converter. Charge, progress of refine processes, oxygen blowing mode. Steel making lime – physical-chemical properties. Slag mode during heat.
7. Thermal mode during heat. Static and dynamic control model of melting in the LD converter. 8. Steelmaking in the bottom blowing converters. Process OBM (Q-BOP), OXYVIT. Converter characteristics. Nozzles, the thermal protection of nozzles, blowing media. Charge. Refining processes – differences against LD converters. Slag creating and its importance.
9. Comparison of OBM and LD converter. Processing of pig iron with a high content of phosphorus (processes: OLP, LD-P, PL, KALDO, Rotor).
10. Steelmaking in tandem furnaces. Development of tandem furnace and its construction. Charge and technology of heat control. Oxygen blowing, heat and slag mode. Advantages and disadvantages of tandem furnaces.
11. Steelmaking process in SM furnaces. Historical significance, furnace characteristics, variants of process. Pig iron mixers.
12. Steel deoxidation, physico-chemical nature and significance of steel deoxidation, overview of methods. Steel deoxidation and alloying. Clotting deoxidation of steel. Diffuse deoxidation. Deoxidation of steel by synthetic slag. Vacuum carbon deoxidation of steel.
13. Non-metallic inclusions in steel, distribution of non-metallic inclusions. Oxidic and sulphidic inclusions, nitrides, carbides. Changes in chemical composition and shape of inclusions depending on the Al content.
14. Inclusions modification. Coagulation and coalescence and flotation of inclusions in steel.
2. Physico-chemical nature of steel making under acidic and alkaline conditions.Dephosphorization, desulphurization.
3. Oxidation of carbon. Oxygen in steel.
4. Historical development of steel production. Bessemer converter.
5. Thomas converter.
6. Refractories used in steel aggregates. Production of steel in LD converters. The characteristics of the converter. Charge, progress of refine processes, oxygen blowing mode. Steel making lime – physical-chemical properties. Slag mode during heat.
7. Thermal mode during heat. Static and dynamic control model of melting in the LD converter. 8. Steelmaking in the bottom blowing converters. Process OBM (Q-BOP), OXYVIT. Converter characteristics. Nozzles, the thermal protection of nozzles, blowing media. Charge. Refining processes – differences against LD converters. Slag creating and its importance.
9. Comparison of OBM and LD converter. Processing of pig iron with a high content of phosphorus (processes: OLP, LD-P, PL, KALDO, Rotor).
10. Steelmaking in tandem furnaces. Development of tandem furnace and its construction. Charge and technology of heat control. Oxygen blowing, heat and slag mode. Advantages and disadvantages of tandem furnaces.
11. Steelmaking process in SM furnaces. Historical significance, furnace characteristics, variants of process. Pig iron mixers.
12. Steel deoxidation, physico-chemical nature and significance of steel deoxidation, overview of methods. Steel deoxidation and alloying. Clotting deoxidation of steel. Diffuse deoxidation. Deoxidation of steel by synthetic slag. Vacuum carbon deoxidation of steel.
13. Non-metallic inclusions in steel, distribution of non-metallic inclusions. Oxidic and sulphidic inclusions, nitrides, carbides. Changes in chemical composition and shape of inclusions depending on the Al content.
14. Inclusions modification. Coagulation and coalescence and flotation of inclusions in steel.