1. Terminology in chemical kinetics – reaction rate, rate equation, order of
reaction, rate constant, molecularity, reaction mechanism. Classification
of chemical reactions – simple and simultaneous reactions, homogeneous and
heterogeneous reactions.
2. Homogeneous reactions - integrated form of the kinetic equation
(first-order reactions, second-order reactions, third-order reactions,
nth-order reactions).
3. Kinetics of simultaneous reactions (reversible, parallel and consecutive
reactions) – kinetic description, rate-determining process.
4. Methods to determine reaction orders. Temperature dependence of the rate
of a chemical reaction - Arrhenius equation, possibilities of
determination of activation energy, preexponential factor.
5. Theory of chemical kinetics - collision theory, theory of absolute
reaction rates.
6. Kinetics of heterogeneous reactions, basic steps of heterogeneous reaction
- diffusion, adsorption, chemical reaction on phase interface.
Mechanism and mathematical description of diffusion – molecular,convection
and turbulent diffusion. Fick’s first and second law of diffusion,
diffusion flux. Diffusion (transport) limited reactions - basic principles
– external and internal diffusion.
7. Heterogeneous process with consecutive and concurrent steps, diffusion and
chemical resistance. Effect of various agents on diffusion kinetics.
Diffusion limited heterogeneous process - technological examples.
8. Surface phenomena and kinetics of reactions. Physical adsorption and
chemisorption. Surface properties of solid compounds, principles of
adsorption processes. Electronic structure and adsorption properties of
metals, adsorption on semi-conductors and insulators. Adsorption at the
solid/gas interface and solid-liquid interface.
Empirical a theoretical adsorption isotherms – Freundlich‘s and Langmuir´s
isotherms, BET model of adsorption isotherm. Temperature and pressure
effect on adsorption and desorption processes. Application of surface
processes – examples.
9. Kinetics of topochemical reactions, description and analysis of particular
periods. Kinetic curves. Nucleation of new phases. Influence of phase
interface on kinetics.
10. Experimental methods of chemical kinetics.
11. Principles of catalysis, homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysis.
Intermediate steps and kinetics of homogeneous catalytic reactions.
Acid-basic catalysis.
12. Kinetics of heterogeneous catalytic reactions, mechanism, basic ideas of
heterogeneous catalysis reactions. Catalysis by metals and non-metals.
Kinetics and mechanism gaseous compounds by solid catalysator. Catalyst -
selection, active centres, catalysts selectivity, promoters, poisoning
and ageing of catalyst. Choice of catalyst – theory. Industrial
application of heterogeneous catalysis.
13. Enzyme-catalytic reaction, Michaelis constant, enzyme inhibition.
14. Reaction in solution (solvent as a catalyst). Fundamentals of
photochemistry.
Theoretical exercises:
- Introduction - introduction to exercise timetable, conditions for obtaining credit and recommended reading. Kinetics of simple reactions. Integration of kinetic equations (first-order reactions, second-order reactions and nth-order reactions).
- Determination of the activation energy. Time monitoring the reaction by measuring the properties of the additive.
- Simultaneous reaction. Parallel, reversible and consecutive reactions.
- Ideal isothermal reactors. Mass balance for batch and flow ideally stirred reactor and plug flow reactors.
- Test of theoretical knowledge.
- Homogeneous catalysis. Acid-base catalysis.
- Calculation test
Laboratory exercises:
- Determination of the activation energy of acetone iodination
- Polarimetric determination of sucrose inversion
- Determination of the rate constants of alkaline hydrolysis of ethyl acetate
- Study of the kinetics of oxidation of metals
- Study of the thermal decomposition rate of carbonate
- Determination of the reaction order complex reaction
- Decomposition of hydrogen peroxide catalysed iodide ions
reaction, rate constant, molecularity, reaction mechanism. Classification
of chemical reactions – simple and simultaneous reactions, homogeneous and
heterogeneous reactions.
2. Homogeneous reactions - integrated form of the kinetic equation
(first-order reactions, second-order reactions, third-order reactions,
nth-order reactions).
3. Kinetics of simultaneous reactions (reversible, parallel and consecutive
reactions) – kinetic description, rate-determining process.
4. Methods to determine reaction orders. Temperature dependence of the rate
of a chemical reaction - Arrhenius equation, possibilities of
determination of activation energy, preexponential factor.
5. Theory of chemical kinetics - collision theory, theory of absolute
reaction rates.
6. Kinetics of heterogeneous reactions, basic steps of heterogeneous reaction
- diffusion, adsorption, chemical reaction on phase interface.
Mechanism and mathematical description of diffusion – molecular,convection
and turbulent diffusion. Fick’s first and second law of diffusion,
diffusion flux. Diffusion (transport) limited reactions - basic principles
– external and internal diffusion.
7. Heterogeneous process with consecutive and concurrent steps, diffusion and
chemical resistance. Effect of various agents on diffusion kinetics.
Diffusion limited heterogeneous process - technological examples.
8. Surface phenomena and kinetics of reactions. Physical adsorption and
chemisorption. Surface properties of solid compounds, principles of
adsorption processes. Electronic structure and adsorption properties of
metals, adsorption on semi-conductors and insulators. Adsorption at the
solid/gas interface and solid-liquid interface.
Empirical a theoretical adsorption isotherms – Freundlich‘s and Langmuir´s
isotherms, BET model of adsorption isotherm. Temperature and pressure
effect on adsorption and desorption processes. Application of surface
processes – examples.
9. Kinetics of topochemical reactions, description and analysis of particular
periods. Kinetic curves. Nucleation of new phases. Influence of phase
interface on kinetics.
10. Experimental methods of chemical kinetics.
11. Principles of catalysis, homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysis.
Intermediate steps and kinetics of homogeneous catalytic reactions.
Acid-basic catalysis.
12. Kinetics of heterogeneous catalytic reactions, mechanism, basic ideas of
heterogeneous catalysis reactions. Catalysis by metals and non-metals.
Kinetics and mechanism gaseous compounds by solid catalysator. Catalyst -
selection, active centres, catalysts selectivity, promoters, poisoning
and ageing of catalyst. Choice of catalyst – theory. Industrial
application of heterogeneous catalysis.
13. Enzyme-catalytic reaction, Michaelis constant, enzyme inhibition.
14. Reaction in solution (solvent as a catalyst). Fundamentals of
photochemistry.
Theoretical exercises:
- Introduction - introduction to exercise timetable, conditions for obtaining credit and recommended reading. Kinetics of simple reactions. Integration of kinetic equations (first-order reactions, second-order reactions and nth-order reactions).
- Determination of the activation energy. Time monitoring the reaction by measuring the properties of the additive.
- Simultaneous reaction. Parallel, reversible and consecutive reactions.
- Ideal isothermal reactors. Mass balance for batch and flow ideally stirred reactor and plug flow reactors.
- Test of theoretical knowledge.
- Homogeneous catalysis. Acid-base catalysis.
- Calculation test
Laboratory exercises:
- Determination of the activation energy of acetone iodination
- Polarimetric determination of sucrose inversion
- Determination of the rate constants of alkaline hydrolysis of ethyl acetate
- Study of the kinetics of oxidation of metals
- Study of the thermal decomposition rate of carbonate
- Determination of the reaction order complex reaction
- Decomposition of hydrogen peroxide catalysed iodide ions