Lectures
1. Introduction into the organic chemistry. History of organic chemistry. Bonding power of carbon (molecular orbitals, sigma and pí bond, energy of bond, polarity of bond, hybridization, effects of electron). Relation between the structure and the properties of substances. Intermolecular interaction (van der Waals interaction, interaction of dipole, hydrogen bonds) and their influence on the melting temperature, boiling temperature and solubility.
2. Principles of stereochemistry of organic compounds. Drawing organic molecules (types of formulae, projection, models, 3D-shape of molecules). Polymerism and isomerism (constitutional, geometric, enantiomeric). The conformation of organic compounds.
3. Chemical reactions of organic compounds. Classification of organic reactions. Homolysis and heterolysis. Electrophilic and nucleophilic agents. Aliphatic and alicyclic hydrocarbons. Nomenclature of saturated hydrocarbons. Radical substitution. Cracking (catalyzed and uncatalyzed) and isomerization. Fischer-Tropsch synthesis. Resources of hydrocarbons and their application.
4. Unsaturated hydrocarbons. Radical and ion addition on double bond. Elimination reactions. Resources of unsaturated hydrocarbons and their industrial application.
5. Aromatic compounds. Delocalization of pí electrons. Electrophilic aromatic substitution (nitration, sulfonation, alcylation, acylation, halogenation) and others reactions. Resources of aromates and their industrial application. Toxicity of polyaromatic compounds.
6. Halogen derivatives of hydrocarbons. Physical properties, toxicity and application. Synthesis and important reactions.
7. Nitrogen derivatives of hydrocarbons (nitrocompounds, amines, diazonium salts, azocompounds). Physical properties, toxicity and application. Synthesis and important reactions. Alkaloids.
8. Sulfur derivatives of hydrocarbons (thioalcohols and thiophenols, sulfides, sulfonic acids). Physical properties and application. Synthesis and important reactions. Detergents.
9. Oxygen derivatives of hydrocarbons. Alcohols and phenols. Ethers. Physical properties, toxicity and application. Synthesis and important reactions.
10. Carbonyl compounds (aldehydes and ketones). Physical properties, toxicity and application. Synthesis and important reactions. Organometallic compounds. Reactivity, toxicity and application. Grignard reagents and their reactions.
11. Carboxylic acids. Physical properties and application. Synthesis and important reactions (acidity versus structure, neutralization, esterification, decarboxylation).
12. Substitutional derivatives of carboxylic acids. Physical properties and application. Synthesis and important reactions. Functional derivatives of carboxylic acids. Physical properties, toxicity and application. Synthesis and important reactions. Derivatives of carbonic acid (phosgene, urea and their sulfur analogues).
13. Polymers (types, structure, properties, basic reactions of polymers preparation).
13. Polymers (overview of technically most important polymers).
1. Introduction into the organic chemistry. History of organic chemistry. Bonding power of carbon (molecular orbitals, sigma and pí bond, energy of bond, polarity of bond, hybridization, effects of electron). Relation between the structure and the properties of substances. Intermolecular interaction (van der Waals interaction, interaction of dipole, hydrogen bonds) and their influence on the melting temperature, boiling temperature and solubility.
2. Principles of stereochemistry of organic compounds. Drawing organic molecules (types of formulae, projection, models, 3D-shape of molecules). Polymerism and isomerism (constitutional, geometric, enantiomeric). The conformation of organic compounds.
3. Chemical reactions of organic compounds. Classification of organic reactions. Homolysis and heterolysis. Electrophilic and nucleophilic agents. Aliphatic and alicyclic hydrocarbons. Nomenclature of saturated hydrocarbons. Radical substitution. Cracking (catalyzed and uncatalyzed) and isomerization. Fischer-Tropsch synthesis. Resources of hydrocarbons and their application.
4. Unsaturated hydrocarbons. Radical and ion addition on double bond. Elimination reactions. Resources of unsaturated hydrocarbons and their industrial application.
5. Aromatic compounds. Delocalization of pí electrons. Electrophilic aromatic substitution (nitration, sulfonation, alcylation, acylation, halogenation) and others reactions. Resources of aromates and their industrial application. Toxicity of polyaromatic compounds.
6. Halogen derivatives of hydrocarbons. Physical properties, toxicity and application. Synthesis and important reactions.
7. Nitrogen derivatives of hydrocarbons (nitrocompounds, amines, diazonium salts, azocompounds). Physical properties, toxicity and application. Synthesis and important reactions. Alkaloids.
8. Sulfur derivatives of hydrocarbons (thioalcohols and thiophenols, sulfides, sulfonic acids). Physical properties and application. Synthesis and important reactions. Detergents.
9. Oxygen derivatives of hydrocarbons. Alcohols and phenols. Ethers. Physical properties, toxicity and application. Synthesis and important reactions.
10. Carbonyl compounds (aldehydes and ketones). Physical properties, toxicity and application. Synthesis and important reactions. Organometallic compounds. Reactivity, toxicity and application. Grignard reagents and their reactions.
11. Carboxylic acids. Physical properties and application. Synthesis and important reactions (acidity versus structure, neutralization, esterification, decarboxylation).
12. Substitutional derivatives of carboxylic acids. Physical properties and application. Synthesis and important reactions. Functional derivatives of carboxylic acids. Physical properties, toxicity and application. Synthesis and important reactions. Derivatives of carbonic acid (phosgene, urea and their sulfur analogues).
13. Polymers (types, structure, properties, basic reactions of polymers preparation).
13. Polymers (overview of technically most important polymers).