1. Financial system and financial markets – basic functions of the financial system, structure and classification of financial markets, financial market participants and financial intermediaries.
2. Securities and financial instruments – general characteristics of securities, their basic features and classification according to different criteria, and the role of securities in the financial system.
3. Bonds – characteristics and types – nature of debt securities, basic characteristics and classification of bonds, and main types of bonds.
4. Bonds – price, yield and credit risk – basic principles of bond valuation, bond prices and yields, basic calculations, credit risk and bond ratings.
5. Money market and its instruments – characteristics of the money market, selected money market instruments, returns on short-term financial instruments and methods of their calculation, discounting.
6. Shares – characteristics, valuation and market indicators – nature and types of equity securities, shareholders’ rights, share prices and returns, basic valuation principles and selected market indicators.
7. Financial investment – investment process and objectives – nature and stages of the investment process, investment objectives, return, risk and liquidity, historical and expected return.
8. Risk, diversification and investment decision-making – systematic and unsystematic risk, diversification and basic portfolio principles, investor behaviour and selected aspects of investment psychology.
9. Primary securities markets and initial public offerings – role and organization of primary markets, issuance process, initial public offerings (IPOs), securities prospectus and disclosure requirements.
10. Collective investment – principles and participants – individual versus collective investment, advantages and risks of collective investment, key participants and basic principles of collective investment.
11. Investment funds and ETFs – main types of investment funds, mutual funds and ETFs, fund performance, costs and risks, and basic principles of investing in funds.
12. Securities exchanges and global financial markets – organized and over-the-counter markets, securities exchanges and trading mechanisms, major global financial markets and selected market indicators.
13. Regulation, ethics and current trends in financial markets – regulation and supervision of financial markets, investor protection and ethical principles, lessons from financial crises and current trends including FinTech, digital assets and cryptocurrencies.