Shaft Sinking and Unconventional Methods of the Excavation of Underground Construction

The content of the subject are techniques to design and execute vertical deep shafts, steep inclined line underground works, unconventional methods of construction of underground works whose parameters or implementation conditions exclude standard construction methods and further do not allow or exclude direct human participation in performing of construction work operations (Freezing, No Dig, Immersed Tunnels, Leached Caverns and others).