The lectures cover the properties of A/D converters, sensors for sound and vibration measurements and diagnostics, as well as giving fundamentals of the technique of measurement noise, vibration and rotation with the spectral analysis in the diagnosis of journal and roller bearings, gear units and internal combustion engines. Other objectives is to describe the basics of balancing rotors, evaluation of operating deflection shapes and modal analysis of mechanical components and structures. Understanding the methods used in the diagnosis will allow analysis of measurements in industrial applications. The aim is to achieve self-determination of the measured data synthesis, resulting in the evaluation of state machines.