Medical Imaging Systems I

The aim of the course is to introduce to viewing processes, methods of image acquisition and processing and overall quality imaging process. The text also describes basic physical and technical aspects of analog and digital imaging systems, infrared systems, X-ray systems, digital radiography and conventional imaging systems in nuclear medicine.
Lectures
1.Introduction to the imaging process, eye imaging system psychosensoric perception, exposure parameters, photometric and radiometric quantities, colors, wavelength, histogram, voxel and pixel.
2.Formation of images and image representation. Fundamentals of image processing: Discretizing. Linearity and nonlinearity imaging process, expressing the image as a 2D signal, quality assessment process view.
3.Working with image data, image parameters. Image analysis in the spatial domain. Convolution of the image data.
4.Integral transformation of image data. Image filtering. Inverse filtering, Wiener filtering, changing the contrast and brightness, color modulation
5.Transfer properties of imaging systems (MTF, PSF). Amplitude and phase spectrum of the image.
6.Image compression: Principles of compression and compression standards. Evaluating the quality of compression with respect to diagnostic reliability. Medical image archiving, archiving systems.
7.Image segmenting: Basic methods of segmentation. Edge detection. Active contours and level sets. Segmentation using neural networks. Segmentation of medical volume data.
8.Analysing of medical images: Detection of geometric primitives and objects. Examples of detection techniques of different objects in images from different sources.
9.TV sensing elements: optical CCDs. TV imaging systems. Displays for imaging systems - vacuum, LCD displays, gas discharge displays, projectors, television image. Videoendoscopy.
10.Infra sensing cameras, optical-mechanical degradation. Signal radiation flux modulation in signal infra viewing, designing of general processes, basic principles, sorting of IR imaging systems. Construction of IR imaging systems, infrared radiation detectors.
11.Ionising radiation, X-ray technician, physical principles, sources and detectors. Security risks, ALARA principle. Mechanisms of interaction between radiation and X-rays.
12.Principle of process view projection radiography, digital radiography. Restoring techniques, quantitative evaluation. Angiography.
13.Radionuclide imaging techniques, planar gammagraphy. Principles and methods of image acquisition. Mechanisms of interaction of gamma rays. Anger camera.
Responsibilities during laboratory exercises
1. Introduction to practical exercises in MATLAB.
2. Testing of psychosensoric vision perception, physiological properties of an eye. Spatial resolution, links between spatial resolution and contrast. Color resolution, spectral sensitivity, time resolution.
3. Starting semester project.
4. Basic work with image data, image parameters.
5. Adjusting the basic parameters of image data.
6. Image analysis in the spatial domain. Convolution of the image and its applications.
7. Image analysis in the frequency domain. Amplitude and phase spectrum.
8. Transformations. Inverse filtering, Wiener filtering.
9. Modelling distortion in the process depicted - MTF, frequency transmission.
10. Modeling distortion in the process depicted - PSF, impulse response transformations.
11. Project work.
12. Presentation and evaluation of the project.
13. Field trip and specialized and practical demonstration of convective imaging systems.
14. Final test