Crystal structure
- Periodicity of atomic arrangements (symmetry operations, primitive and
elementary cell)
- Grid types (two and three dimensional grids)
- Simple crystal structures (s.c, b.c.c., f.c.c., NaCl, diamond, etc.)
Disorders of the crystal structure
- Types of faults (point, line, area and volume)
- Examples of disorders (vacancies, interstitials, bivacancies, Frenkel
disorders,
edge, screw and mixed dislocations, layer faults, precipitates, etc.)
- Concentration of point defects, point defects and diffusion
- Impurities and alloys
Experimental diffraction methods
- Bragg equation (diffraction conditions)
- Reciprocal lattice vectors, (reciprocal lattice properties)
- Beams of X-rays, electrons and neutrons
- Experimental diffraction methods (Laue method, rotating crystal, powder
method)
- Atomic scattering factor and structure factor
- Brillouin zones (examples)
Crystal bond
- Basic types of bonds (metallic, ionic, covalent, hydrogen, Van der Walls)
- Ionic and covalent crystals, metal crystals, crystals of inert gases
(cohesive energy)
- Valence, atomic and ionic radii
Thermal properties of solids
- Experimental measurement of specific heats
- Lattice thermal oscillations (Dulong-Petit law, Einstein and Debye theory)
- Thermal expansion and thermal conductivity
- Fermi energy and electron specific heat
Electrical properties of solids
- Metals (basic division and properties)
- Semiconductors (intrinsic, impurity, n-type and p-type, basic band structure)
- Hall effect (principle and use)
- Diode phenomenon (n–p transition, diode function principle, V-A
characteristic)
- Transistor phenomenon (n-p-n type, p-n-p type, use in electrical engineering)
- Dielectrics (polarization, properties, ferroelectrics)
Magnetic properties of solids
- Magnetic moments (monoatomic and multiatomic structures, Bohr magneton,
moments L, S and J, susceptibility)
- Diamagnetism (properties, examples,)
- Paramagnetism (properties, examples,)
- Ferromagnetism (properties, examples, magnetic domains,)
- Antiferromagnetism (properties, examples,)
- Ferrimagnetism (properties, examples, magnetic domains,)
- Types of magnets and their properties (magnetically soft, properties and uses,
magnetically hard, properties and uses)
- Superconductors (principle and properties)
Optical properties of solids
- Basic types of radiation (characteristics, description, wave-particle dualism)
- Interaction of radiation with matter (refractive index, reflection,
transmission, refraction, absorption)
- Polarization of radiation (principle, types of polarized radiation)
- Isotropic and anisotropic environment and its effect on the properties of
radiation interaction with matter
- Luminescence (genesis, properties)
- Laser and maser (principle, types)
Mechanical properties of solids
- Hardening curve, dependence of deformation on stress
- Types of deformation tests (tension, pressure, bending, torsion)
- Hardness (hardness scale, measurement methods)
- Elastic deformation (Hooke's law, isotropic and anisotropic materials)
- Plastic deformation (slip in important crystal structures (f.c.c.,
h.c.p., b.c.c.), deformation of single crystals and polycrystals, creep,
fracture)
- Periodicity of atomic arrangements (symmetry operations, primitive and
elementary cell)
- Grid types (two and three dimensional grids)
- Simple crystal structures (s.c, b.c.c., f.c.c., NaCl, diamond, etc.)
Disorders of the crystal structure
- Types of faults (point, line, area and volume)
- Examples of disorders (vacancies, interstitials, bivacancies, Frenkel
disorders,
edge, screw and mixed dislocations, layer faults, precipitates, etc.)
- Concentration of point defects, point defects and diffusion
- Impurities and alloys
Experimental diffraction methods
- Bragg equation (diffraction conditions)
- Reciprocal lattice vectors, (reciprocal lattice properties)
- Beams of X-rays, electrons and neutrons
- Experimental diffraction methods (Laue method, rotating crystal, powder
method)
- Atomic scattering factor and structure factor
- Brillouin zones (examples)
Crystal bond
- Basic types of bonds (metallic, ionic, covalent, hydrogen, Van der Walls)
- Ionic and covalent crystals, metal crystals, crystals of inert gases
(cohesive energy)
- Valence, atomic and ionic radii
Thermal properties of solids
- Experimental measurement of specific heats
- Lattice thermal oscillations (Dulong-Petit law, Einstein and Debye theory)
- Thermal expansion and thermal conductivity
- Fermi energy and electron specific heat
Electrical properties of solids
- Metals (basic division and properties)
- Semiconductors (intrinsic, impurity, n-type and p-type, basic band structure)
- Hall effect (principle and use)
- Diode phenomenon (n–p transition, diode function principle, V-A
characteristic)
- Transistor phenomenon (n-p-n type, p-n-p type, use in electrical engineering)
- Dielectrics (polarization, properties, ferroelectrics)
Magnetic properties of solids
- Magnetic moments (monoatomic and multiatomic structures, Bohr magneton,
moments L, S and J, susceptibility)
- Diamagnetism (properties, examples,)
- Paramagnetism (properties, examples,)
- Ferromagnetism (properties, examples, magnetic domains,)
- Antiferromagnetism (properties, examples,)
- Ferrimagnetism (properties, examples, magnetic domains,)
- Types of magnets and their properties (magnetically soft, properties and uses,
magnetically hard, properties and uses)
- Superconductors (principle and properties)
Optical properties of solids
- Basic types of radiation (characteristics, description, wave-particle dualism)
- Interaction of radiation with matter (refractive index, reflection,
transmission, refraction, absorption)
- Polarization of radiation (principle, types of polarized radiation)
- Isotropic and anisotropic environment and its effect on the properties of
radiation interaction with matter
- Luminescence (genesis, properties)
- Laser and maser (principle, types)
Mechanical properties of solids
- Hardening curve, dependence of deformation on stress
- Types of deformation tests (tension, pressure, bending, torsion)
- Hardness (hardness scale, measurement methods)
- Elastic deformation (Hooke's law, isotropic and anisotropic materials)
- Plastic deformation (slip in important crystal structures (f.c.c.,
h.c.p., b.c.c.), deformation of single crystals and polycrystals, creep,
fracture)