The subject offers a general review of problems connected with the museum science. It is especially intent on the illustration of basic problems of the museum science and its signification and conception. It is drawn in that way so that the students could be acquainted step by step with the general principles of activity and function of museums in our country and in the world, precepts of law, protection and safeguard of collections in the museums. A part devoted to the overview of significant museums, open-air-museums and monumental objects in the Czech Republic concurs on these problems. The attention is also paid to the international institutions conversant with the cultural heritage and to overview of the world´s treasures of this heritage. The theoretical part of the subject is completed with the utilization of excursions into the significant museums of Moravian-Silesian region.