Geodetic Networks

This course expands and systematizes knowledge of advanced and theoretical geodesy in the areas of design, surveying, and mathematical processing of positional, elevation, and spatial geodetic networks. Attention is given to both classical methods and modern space technologies (GNSS, satellite laser ranging, radio telescope interferometry) as well as the theory of reference systems (ITRS, ETRS89, S-JTSK, S-JTSK/05, Bpv, EVRS). Key topics include mathematical cartography, the theory of adjustment of constrained and unconstrained networks (Gauss-Markov model, Moore-Penrose pseudo-inversion), statistical data testing (a priori analysis, a posteriori error detection, and robust estimates), and network quality assessment using error ellipses and reliability analysis.

Learning Outcomes:
- Professional Knowledge (Knowledge):
The student demonstrates a deep understanding of the structure of geodetic networks, degrees of freedom, and the conditions for the numerical solution of a system of equations.
They have a comprehensive overview of the geometric and physical reductions of measured quantities to reference surfaces of the ellipsoid and to cartographic projections (Křovák, Gauss-Krüger, UTM). They understand the theory of measurement adjustment, the statistical principles of hypothesis testing (a priori and a posteriori tests for outliers, global model tests), and the analysis of the accuracy and reliability of geodetic data. They are familiar with the principles of estimating variance components in combined measurements (MINQUE).
- Professional Skills (Abilities):
The student is able to independently perform mathematical reductions of measurements and coordinate transformations between international and national systems (ETRF2000, S-JTSK, S-JTSK/05, JTSK03). The student can program or use software to perform adjustments of both tied and free geodetic networks. They are able to perform statistical testing of measurements for the presence of gross errors (e.g., Baard and Pope tests) and visualize the positional accuracy of points using absolute and relative error ellipses.
- General Competency (Competency):
The student independently and responsibly decides on the design and method of implementing a geodetic network, taking into account the purpose of the measurement, the required accuracy, reliability, available technologies, and economic and organizational conditions. They provide professional justification for the choice of geodetic methods, reference systems, and methods of mathematical processing; critically evaluate the quality, reliability, and limitations of the obtained results; and take responsibility for the accuracy and objective interpretation of professional conclusions. They are able to coordinate specific professional activities during the implementation of geodetic networks and clearly interpret the results of their analysis.