Historical development of toxicology, classification, content and objectives.
Classification of poisons and pollutants, the concept of poison, harmful
substances, toxicity and its rating. Symbols of toxicity, R and S theorems.
General knowledge on effects of toxic substances in relation to organisms and
certain environmental variables. Admission of toxic substances into organism,
absorption, distribution, transfer of substances through a membrane.
Xenobiotics in the environment and their biotransformation. Toxic effects of
elements and their compounds. Significant organic substances and their toxic
effects. Radioactive substances, intoxicating and psychotropic substances.
Pesticides. Protection against harmful substances. Laws and standards in
toxicology, Act 157/98Coll., Public Notice 25/99 Coll., Act 353/99 Coll.
Environmental damage with toxic substances.
syllabus
Lectures:
1. Toxicology – definition of the term, introduction into the topic,
literature, information sources.
2. Toxicology, poisons, harmful substances and their effects on organism –
definition of basic terms.
3. Mechanism of admission, transformation and excretion of toxic substances in
relation to organisms.
4. Relations between effects, dose, concentration and time of action of toxic
substances, toxicity tests of unknown substances.
5. Biotransformation of harmful substances in the organism, definition of
basic types of transformations of substances in organism.
6. Poisons and certain other substances harmful to health – valid legislation,
comparison with the EU.
7. Significant inorganic harmful substances and their effect on organism,
toxicity of heavy metals, biogenic elements. (2 lectures)
8. Significant organic harmful substances and their effect on organism,
halogen compounds, aromatic hydrocarbons (mutagenicity, teratogenicity),
phenols. (2 lectures)
9. Circle of harmful substances in the environment.
10. Risk assessment – introduction into the issue, connection with toxicology,
parallel terms.
11. Waste disposal in terms of toxicology, air protection, emissions,
immissions, concentrations, NPK.