1. Sorting of biological and ecological sciences. Importance and application of biological and environmental sciences in technical fields.
2. Life in the Universe. The conditions for life on Earth. The emergence of living systems and their evolution.
3. Diversity of organisms (viruses, bacteria, fungi, animals, plants).
4. Cell theory. Genetics (chromosome structure, the structure of DNA, RNA, genetic aspects mitosis and meiosis, mutational changes in genotype).
5. Relations between the organism and the environment (niche, ecological valence, ecological optimum).
6. The conditions for life (climate, temperature, water and humidity, light, soil).
7. Type (adaptation, specialization, genetic and phenotypic polymorphism, fitness, individual).
8. Population (density, distribution, age, mortality, natality, population growth and regulation of migration and dispersion of organisms, Intraspecific and interspecific competition, predation, parasitism, and mutualism).
9. Communities (communities in the arrangement of space, structure communities in time - succession, stability, flexibility and community resistance).
10. Ecosystems (biosphere, energy flow and productivity of ecosystems, trophic structure, biochemical cycles, biomes).
11. Characteristics of the human environment. Atmospheric pollution, climate disruption (ozone depletion, greenhouse effect, acid rain, dust).
12. Pollution of soil (soil erosion, soil depletion and degradation, cutting of tropical forests, heavy metals, pesticides, etc.).
13. Pollution of fresh waters and oceans (eutrophication, industrial waste, etc.).
2. Life in the Universe. The conditions for life on Earth. The emergence of living systems and their evolution.
3. Diversity of organisms (viruses, bacteria, fungi, animals, plants).
4. Cell theory. Genetics (chromosome structure, the structure of DNA, RNA, genetic aspects mitosis and meiosis, mutational changes in genotype).
5. Relations between the organism and the environment (niche, ecological valence, ecological optimum).
6. The conditions for life (climate, temperature, water and humidity, light, soil).
7. Type (adaptation, specialization, genetic and phenotypic polymorphism, fitness, individual).
8. Population (density, distribution, age, mortality, natality, population growth and regulation of migration and dispersion of organisms, Intraspecific and interspecific competition, predation, parasitism, and mutualism).
9. Communities (communities in the arrangement of space, structure communities in time - succession, stability, flexibility and community resistance).
10. Ecosystems (biosphere, energy flow and productivity of ecosystems, trophic structure, biochemical cycles, biomes).
11. Characteristics of the human environment. Atmospheric pollution, climate disruption (ozone depletion, greenhouse effect, acid rain, dust).
12. Pollution of soil (soil erosion, soil depletion and degradation, cutting of tropical forests, heavy metals, pesticides, etc.).
13. Pollution of fresh waters and oceans (eutrophication, industrial waste, etc.).