[1] Fruehan, R. J.: The Making, Shaping and Treating of Steel, AISE Steel Foundation, 1998, 767 p. ISBN 0-930767-02-0.
[2] Yogeshwar, S., Toshihiko, E.: Tundish Technology for Clean Steel Production, World Scientific, 2007, 313 p., ISBN 9812706216.
[3] Catalog of Ingot Defects. Verlag Stahleisen GmbH Düsseldorf, 2003, p. 83. ISBN: 978-3-514-00692-8
[4] Chakrabarti, A. K.: Steel Making, PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd., 2006, p. 240. ISBN: 978-8-120-33050-4.