1.Causes of Reasons of the development of methods of secondary metallurgy, its importance, dividing of methods.
2.Elements of steel, behaviour of elements during steel refining.
3.Refining of steel by the help of inert gases, effects, technologies, flotation of non-metallic inclusions by the inert gas, absorption of inclusions by the slag.
4.Gases in the steel, degassing of steel, basis, mechanism, vacuum steel refining, technological methods.
5.Steel refining by the help of synthetic slags, composition of slags, kinetics of processes.
6.Ladle furnaces, importance during steel treatment at the secondary metallurgy, dividing. Inputting of cored and Al wires into the liquid steel, importance, technology, modification of inclusions.
7.Steel casting, equipment of cast houses, characteristics of basic technologies.
8.Steel casting into ingot-moulds, top-pouring, uphill casting, steel crystallisation, structure of ingots, micro- and macro-segregation.
9.Ingots defects of killed and rimmed steel.
10.Continuous steel casting, dividing, advantages, disadvantages, construction of the CCM.
11.Secondary metallurgy, optimization of steel flowing, submerged nozzles.
12.Steel solidification in the mould, primary, secondary and tertiary cooling zone, dividing of blanks.
13.Defects of continuously cast blanks.
14.New directions at casting of blanks.
2.Elements of steel, behaviour of elements during steel refining.
3.Refining of steel by the help of inert gases, effects, technologies, flotation of non-metallic inclusions by the inert gas, absorption of inclusions by the slag.
4.Gases in the steel, degassing of steel, basis, mechanism, vacuum steel refining, technological methods.
5.Steel refining by the help of synthetic slags, composition of slags, kinetics of processes.
6.Ladle furnaces, importance during steel treatment at the secondary metallurgy, dividing. Inputting of cored and Al wires into the liquid steel, importance, technology, modification of inclusions.
7.Steel casting, equipment of cast houses, characteristics of basic technologies.
8.Steel casting into ingot-moulds, top-pouring, uphill casting, steel crystallisation, structure of ingots, micro- and macro-segregation.
9.Ingots defects of killed and rimmed steel.
10.Continuous steel casting, dividing, advantages, disadvantages, construction of the CCM.
11.Secondary metallurgy, optimization of steel flowing, submerged nozzles.
12.Steel solidification in the mould, primary, secondary and tertiary cooling zone, dividing of blanks.
13.Defects of continuously cast blanks.
14.New directions at casting of blanks.