1. Overview, significance and perspective of steel production. - Historical development of steel production. – Distribution of steel and steel products.
2. Physico-chemical nature of steel making under acidic and alkaline conditions. – Refractories used in steel aggregates. – Production of steel in LD converters. – The characteristics of the converter.
3. Charge, progress of refine processes, oxygen blowing mode. – Steel making lime – physical-chemical properties. – Slag mode during heat.
4. Thermal mode during heat. – Static and dynamic control model of melting in the LD converter. – Processing of pig iron with a high content of phosphorus (processes: OLP, LD-P, PL, KALDO, Rotor).
5. Steelmaking in the bottom blowing converters. – Process OBM (Q-BOP), OXYVIT. – Converter characteristics.
6. Nozzles, the thermal protection of nozzles, blowing media. – Charge. – Refining processes – differences against LD converters.
7. Slag creating and its importance. – Comparison of OBM and LD converter. – Steelmaking in tandem furnaces.
8. Development of tandem furnace and its construction. – Charge and technology of heat control. – Oxygen blowing, heat and slag mode.
9. Advantages and disadvantages of tandem furnaces. – Steelmaking process in SM furnaces. – Historical significance, furnace characteristics, variants of process.
10. Pig iron mixers. – Steel deoxidation, physico-chemical nature and significance of steel deoxidation, overview of methods. – Steel deoxidation and alloying.
11. Clotting deoxidation of steel. – Diffuse deoxidation. – Deoxidation of steel by synthetic slag.
12. Vacuum carbon deoxidation of steel. – Non-metallic inclusions in steel, distribution of non-metallic inclusions.
13. Oxidic and sulphidic inclusions, nitrides, carbides. – Changes in chemical composition and shape of inclusions depending on the Al content.
14. Inclusions modification. – Coagulation and coalescence and flotation of inclusions in steel.
2. Physico-chemical nature of steel making under acidic and alkaline conditions. – Refractories used in steel aggregates. – Production of steel in LD converters. – The characteristics of the converter.
3. Charge, progress of refine processes, oxygen blowing mode. – Steel making lime – physical-chemical properties. – Slag mode during heat.
4. Thermal mode during heat. – Static and dynamic control model of melting in the LD converter. – Processing of pig iron with a high content of phosphorus (processes: OLP, LD-P, PL, KALDO, Rotor).
5. Steelmaking in the bottom blowing converters. – Process OBM (Q-BOP), OXYVIT. – Converter characteristics.
6. Nozzles, the thermal protection of nozzles, blowing media. – Charge. – Refining processes – differences against LD converters.
7. Slag creating and its importance. – Comparison of OBM and LD converter. – Steelmaking in tandem furnaces.
8. Development of tandem furnace and its construction. – Charge and technology of heat control. – Oxygen blowing, heat and slag mode.
9. Advantages and disadvantages of tandem furnaces. – Steelmaking process in SM furnaces. – Historical significance, furnace characteristics, variants of process.
10. Pig iron mixers. – Steel deoxidation, physico-chemical nature and significance of steel deoxidation, overview of methods. – Steel deoxidation and alloying.
11. Clotting deoxidation of steel. – Diffuse deoxidation. – Deoxidation of steel by synthetic slag.
12. Vacuum carbon deoxidation of steel. – Non-metallic inclusions in steel, distribution of non-metallic inclusions.
13. Oxidic and sulphidic inclusions, nitrides, carbides. – Changes in chemical composition and shape of inclusions depending on the Al content.
14. Inclusions modification. – Coagulation and coalescence and flotation of inclusions in steel.