1. Introduction
2. Basic concepts. Types of energy, rest energy of matter, energy sources. Energy consumption in industry.
3. Energy transformations. Basic concepts and laws of thermomechanics, reversible and irreversible processes.
4. Thermal cycles. Reversible and irreversible cycles, Carnot cycle. Usability of thermal energy. Entropy. Exergy, anergy.
5. Energy and exergy balances.
6. Electric motors and generators.
7. Water transport by pumping, pump head. Reciprocating pump – principle, delivered flow, power input, volumetric efficiency, regulation.
8. Centrifugal pumps. Flow theory in the relative frame, Euler’s turbine equation, shaft torque, power input. Effects on suction head.
9. Compressed air production, polytropic compression, real compression process. Reciprocating compressor – principle, theoretical and real cycle, volumetric efficiency, compression ratio division, delivered volume, power input, regulation.
10. Turbo compressors. Head, static and dynamic components, degree of reaction, shaft torque, power input, theoretical flow rate, pressure coefficient, blade shapes. Theoretical and actual characteristics of turbo compressors, compressor control.
11. Steam generation – latent heat of vaporization, pressure dependence. Boiling curve, triple point, critical point. Steam diagrams. Theoretical and practical steam cycle.
12. Refrigeration. Compression, absorption, adsorption, thermoelectric, magnetic cooling. Use of the Joule-Thomson effect.
13. Production and storage of technical gases. Fractional distillation of air. Membrane separation. Adsorption separation. Water electrolysis. Natural gas reforming. CO₂ separation. Compressed gases, liquefied gases, dissolved gases.
2. Basic concepts. Types of energy, rest energy of matter, energy sources. Energy consumption in industry.
3. Energy transformations. Basic concepts and laws of thermomechanics, reversible and irreversible processes.
4. Thermal cycles. Reversible and irreversible cycles, Carnot cycle. Usability of thermal energy. Entropy. Exergy, anergy.
5. Energy and exergy balances.
6. Electric motors and generators.
7. Water transport by pumping, pump head. Reciprocating pump – principle, delivered flow, power input, volumetric efficiency, regulation.
8. Centrifugal pumps. Flow theory in the relative frame, Euler’s turbine equation, shaft torque, power input. Effects on suction head.
9. Compressed air production, polytropic compression, real compression process. Reciprocating compressor – principle, theoretical and real cycle, volumetric efficiency, compression ratio division, delivered volume, power input, regulation.
10. Turbo compressors. Head, static and dynamic components, degree of reaction, shaft torque, power input, theoretical flow rate, pressure coefficient, blade shapes. Theoretical and actual characteristics of turbo compressors, compressor control.
11. Steam generation – latent heat of vaporization, pressure dependence. Boiling curve, triple point, critical point. Steam diagrams. Theoretical and practical steam cycle.
12. Refrigeration. Compression, absorption, adsorption, thermoelectric, magnetic cooling. Use of the Joule-Thomson effect.
13. Production and storage of technical gases. Fractional distillation of air. Membrane separation. Adsorption separation. Water electrolysis. Natural gas reforming. CO₂ separation. Compressed gases, liquefied gases, dissolved gases.