Physical chemistry

1. Ideal gas, gas laws, equation of state, equipartition principle, real gases, van der Waals equation, compressibility factor, virial expansion, critical point, state behavior of liquids.
2. Thermodynamics, state variables, work, heat, energy. First Law of Thermodynamics, internal energy, enthalpy
3. Heat capacities, adiabatic processes. Heat of reaction, calorimetry, conversion of heat to work, Carnot cycle, heat engines
4. Second Law of Thermodynamics, entropy, Third Law of Thermodynamics.
5. Connection between the First and Second Laws of Thermodynamics, Helmholtz and Gibbs energy, conditions for thermodynamic equilibrium.
6. Phase equilibria, Clapeyron’s and Claussius-Clapeyron’s equations.
7. Multicomponent systems, chemical potential, fugacity, Gibbs’s law of phases.
8. Liquid–vapor equilibrium, ideal solution, Raoult’s law, Henry’s law.
9. Real systems, activity, activity coefficient, azeotropic mixture, liquid–liquid equilibrium, limited miscibility, upper and lower critical temperatures.
10. Condensed-phase systems, phase diagrams, eutectic, ternary system. Chemical equilibria, equilibrium constant
11. Gibbs reaction energy, equilibrium composition of a reaction mixture, effects of temperature and pressure on chemical equilibrium, Le Chatelier–Brown principle.
12. Chemical kinetics—reaction rate, rate equation, rate constant, order, and molecularity of a reaction. Formal kinetics of first-order reactions, reaction half-life. Temperature dependence of reaction rate, Arrhenius equation, collision theory, activated complex theory
13. Formal kinetics of second-order reactions, reaction half-life. Temperature dependence of reaction rate, Arrhenius equation, collision theory, activated complex theory