Causes of the development of secondary metallurgy methods.
Main technologies of secondary metallurgy and their effects.
Elements that accompany the production and refining of steel.
Gases in steel - thermodynamics, kinetics and mechanism of dissolution of H2 and N2.
Thermodynamics and mechanism of steel degassing.
Dissolution of oxygen in steel - Thermodynamics and mechanism.
Flotation of inclusions by inert gas - absorption of inclusions by slag.
Refining of steel by inert gases - effects - methods.
Vacuum refining of steel - nucleation of gas bubbles – diffusion to the surface.
Secondary metallurgical vacuum technology for steelmaking and equipment.
Conditions for the production of stainless steel - thermodynamics of deep decarburization of steels with high chromium content – stainless steel production technology.
Refining steel with synthetic slags - thermodynamic conditions for refining - Mechanism and kinetics of refining - technology of steel refining by liquid and solid synthetic slag - used slags - characteristics.
Ladle furnaces – their importance – types of ladle furnaces - ladle furnace options.
Utilization of cored and aluminium wires – the importance and technology.
Main technologies of secondary metallurgy and their effects.
Elements that accompany the production and refining of steel.
Gases in steel - thermodynamics, kinetics and mechanism of dissolution of H2 and N2.
Thermodynamics and mechanism of steel degassing.
Dissolution of oxygen in steel - Thermodynamics and mechanism.
Flotation of inclusions by inert gas - absorption of inclusions by slag.
Refining of steel by inert gases - effects - methods.
Vacuum refining of steel - nucleation of gas bubbles – diffusion to the surface.
Secondary metallurgical vacuum technology for steelmaking and equipment.
Conditions for the production of stainless steel - thermodynamics of deep decarburization of steels with high chromium content – stainless steel production technology.
Refining steel with synthetic slags - thermodynamic conditions for refining - Mechanism and kinetics of refining - technology of steel refining by liquid and solid synthetic slag - used slags - characteristics.
Ladle furnaces – their importance – types of ladle furnaces - ladle furnace options.
Utilization of cored and aluminium wires – the importance and technology.