Photonic crystals and matamaterials

The courses includes optics of periodic systems, effects in photonic crystals, band gap, effects of cavities. It is based on Maxwell theory of electromagnetic field in periodic structures in analogy with description of electron states in periodic crystals. Description includes periodic multilayer system (1D photonic crystal), two-dimensional, and three-dimensional periodic systems. Second part of the courses consists description using effective medium theory of periodic and aperiodic heterogeneous materials, that exhibit unusual optical properties. Description is focused on metamaterials – effective materials with negative refractive index, special optical anisotropy, chirality, and special spectral and polarization properties. 1. Maxwellova teorie, periodických systému