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Cleanness and Usable Properties of Steel

* Exchange students do not have to consider this information when selecting suitable courses for an exchange stay.

Course Unit Code618-3008/03
Number of ECTS Credits Allocated5 ECTS credits
Type of Course Unit *Compulsory
Level of Course Unit *Second Cycle
Year of Study *Second Year
Semester when the Course Unit is deliveredSummer Semester
Mode of DeliveryFace-to-face
Language of InstructionCzech
Prerequisites and Co-Requisites Course succeeds to compulsory courses of previous semester
Name of Lecturer(s)Personal IDName
MIH50prof. Ing. Karel Michalek, CSc.
Summary
The subject is focused on improvement and advancement of knowledge about chemical and metallographic cleanliness of steel. It deals with possibilities of cleanliness classification, technological method of its achievement and exact methods of its evaluation. The intention is to demonstrate wider relation between technology of steel production, cleanliness of steel and usable properties of steel.
Learning Outcomes of the Course Unit
Acquired knowledge
- student will be able to characterise basic terms from field of chemical and metallographic steel cleanness,
- student will be able to formulate basic physical chemical processes at formation of non-metal inclusions in steel including their activity on steel properties,
- student will be able to describe possibilities of contemporary metallurgy for steelmaking with high requirements on steel chemical and metallographic cleanness.

Acquired skills
- student will be able to use his knowledge in the field of cleanness and usable properties of steel to take a part on the optimization of steel making process,
- student will be able to evaluate the results obtained from the metallography for steel making process optimization.
Course Contents
1. The importance of steel production in the global and national scale. Characteristics of chemical cleanliness. Effect of P, S, N, H and O on the properties of steel. The main principles of metallurgical steel production with low content of those elements.
2. Non-ferrous metals in the steel. Sources of non-ferrous metals in steel production. Ways to reduce the non-ferrous metals in the steel crap. Effect of non-ferrous metals in the steel. Positive and negative effects of non-ferrous metals on the properties of steel.
3. Effect of non-ferrous metals on the properties of steels for the manufacture of equipment for power engineering. Limits of the contents of non-ferrous metals in the steel. J, B and K factors of steel cleanliness.
4. The metallography cleanliness of steel. Distribution of nonmetallic inclusions - endogenous and exogenous inclusions.Sources and origin of the exogenous non-metallic inclusions. Thermodynamics of oxide inclusions. Thermodynamics of sulfides, nitrides and carbides. Effect of deoxidation of steel on the non-metallic inclusions systems.The secondary oxidation of steel.
5. The influence of nonmetallic inclusions on steel properties. Effect on mechanical properties. Influence of inclusions under cyclic loading. Identification of non-metallic inclusions. Optical microscopy, image analysis, electron probe microanalysis of inclusions, chemical methods of inclusions identification.
6. Summary of metallurgical production processes allowing high steel petrographical cleanliness. Application possibilities for the removal of secondary metallurgy tracing elements. Modification of inclusions. Injection metallurgy. Vacuum metallurgy.
7. Stainless steel. Corrosion resistance. Types of corrosion.Influence of chemical composition. Types of stainless steel. Effect of inclusions on corrosion resistance of steel, steel machinability, weldability of steel. Peculiarities of morphology and chemical composition of inclusions in stainless steel - impact on the properties of steel.
8. Specific requirements for steel production technology with high carbon - cord steel.Requirements for the raw materials, the method of secondary processing. Technology of steel casting and crystallization. Subsequent processing methods of semi finished products and the use of finished products.
9. Low carbon steel. ULC steel, the IF steel. Transformer steel. Vacuum decarburization. Principles. Examples of technologies. Rotating vacuum with stirring oxygen. KTB process.
Recommended or Required Reading
Required Reading:
[1] GHOSH, A.: Secondary Steelmaking - Principles and Applications. New York, 2001, 322 p.
[2] STOLTE, G.: Secondary Metallurgy – Fundamentals, Processes, Aplications. StahlEisen Communications, Germany, 2002, 216 p., ISBN 978-3-514-00648-5.
[1] MICHALEK, K: Čistota a užitné vlastnosti oceli. Studijní opora. Ostrava, 2010, 317s.
[2] MITURA, K.,LANDOVÁ, S.: Vměstky v oceli a jejich vliv na užitné vlastnosti oceli. SNTL, Praha, 1986, 158 s.
[3] RYŠ, P. ad. : Nauka o materiálu I/4. Academia, 1975, 542 s.
[4] GHOSH, A.: Secondary Steelmaking, CRC Press, USA, 2000, 322 p., ISBN 9780849302640.
Recommended Reading:
Articles in professional journals, papers of conferences, research reports, theses.
Články v odborném tisku, příspěvky na konferencích, výzkumné zprávy, závěrečné práce.
Planned learning activities and teaching methods
Lectures, Seminars, Individual consultations, Tutorials, Experimental work in labs
Assesment methods and criteria
Task TitleTask TypeMaximum Number of Points
(Act. for Subtasks)
Minimum Number of Points for Task Passing
Credit and ExaminationCredit and Examination100 (100)51
        CreditCredit30 21
        ExaminationExamination70 30