| Course Unit Code | 653-2003/05 |
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| Number of ECTS Credits Allocated | 5 ECTS credits |
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| Type of Course Unit * | Compulsory |
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| Level of Course Unit * | First Cycle |
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| Year of Study * | Second Year |
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| Semester when the Course Unit is delivered | Winter Semester |
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| Mode of Delivery | Face-to-face |
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| Language of Instruction | Czech |
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| Prerequisites and Co-Requisites | Course succeeds to compulsory courses of previous semester |
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| Name of Lecturer(s) | Personal ID | Name |
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| VOD37 | prof. Ing. Vlastimil Vodárek, CSc. |
| Summary |
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Structure-property relationships in technical materials; atomic structure and
binding in solids; principles of crystallography; crystal structures of
elements and binary alloys; point defects in metals and alloys; diffusion in
metallic systems; line defects in crystal lattice - dislocations;
solidification of metals and alloys; phase transformations in solids; hardening mechanisms. |
| Learning Outcomes of the Course Unit |
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| Introduce students to structure – property relationships in solids. Define crystal structure and the influence of defects in crystalline materials on their mechanical properties. Characterize microstructural changes taking place during thermal or mechanical treatment of metallic materials. |
| Course Contents |
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1. Significance of studies on structure property relationships in engineering materials.
2. Atomic structure in solids. Wave mechanics model of atom. Electronic structure of elements. Periodic table of elements. Binding in solids (ion, covalent, metallic, Van der Waals, mixed).
3. Basics of crystallography. Theory of repetition, translation periodicity of crystals, elementary cell, space lattice, basic principles of reciprocal lattice, symmetry elements of crystals, crystal systems, laws of geometrical crystallography.
4. Crystal structures of elements (molecular orbites, band theory, structures of closed packed atoms, structures with directional binding). Allotropy. Polar structures. Binary alloys structures (solid solutions, ordered phases, electron compounds, alloys with dominant size factor, compounds of transitive elements with variable composition, interstitial compounds).
5. Point defects in metals and alloys. Equilibrium concentration of point defects. Formation of non-equilibrium concentration of point defects (quenching, plastic deformation). Recovery of excessive point defects. Diffusion in metallic systems. Basic diffusion equations (I. and II. Fick´s law). Atomic theory of diffusion, mechanisms of diffusion of substitutional and interstitial atoms. Selfdiffusion. Effect of temperature - thermal activation.
6. Paths of high diffusivity (diffusion along grain boundaries and free surfaces). Diffusion in alloys, diffusion at concentration gradient, practical examples of diffusion.
7. Line defects in crystal lattice - dislocations. Basic classification, definition Burger´s vector, movement of dislocations, forces affecting dislocations, energy of dislocation, stacking faults.
8. Interactions between dislocations: crossing of dislocations, movement of jogs on dislocations, cross slip, climbing, dislocation reactions, dislocation density, dislocation sources. Dislocations in important crystal structures. FCC: dislocation reactions, Thompson tetraedra, stacking faults and partial dislocations.
9. HCP: dislocation reactions, stacking faults and partial dislocations. BCC: dislocation reactions, stacking faults and partial dislocations. Interaction of dislocations with point defects. Dislocations in systems with long-range order. Grain and subgrain boundaries, interfaces between phases.
10. Phase transformations. Solidification of metals and alloys. Crystal growth in pure metals. Solidification of castings (ingots) and conticasts.
11. Phase transformations in solids, classification. Diffusive transformations, precipitation, ordering, eutectoid reaction, massive transformations.
12. Diffusionless transformations. Kinetics of transformations. Crystallography of martensitic transformation in steels.
13. Deformation strengthening. Strengthening curves of FCC, HCP and BCC single crystals. Theory of strengthening of pure metals. Plastic deformation of polycrystals. Substitutional strengthening. Precipitation strengthening: coherent and non-coherent particles.
14. Fracture mechanisms. Griffith´s criterion. Stages of fracture process. Brittle fracture. Ductile fracture. Stress corrosion fracture. Fatigue fracture. Creep fracture. |
| Recommended or Required Reading |
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| Required Reading: |
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SMALLMAN, R. E., R. J. Bishop. Modern Physical Metallurgy and Materials Engineering. Oxford: Butterworth, 1999.
ASHBY, M. F., D. R. H. Jones. Engineering Materials 2, Oxford: Butterworth – Heinemann, 1999.
CALLISTER, W.D., R. Jordan a D.G. Rethwisch. Callister´s Materials Science and Engineering. 10th Edition. John Wiley and Sons Inc: United States, 2020. ISBN 1119453917. |
VODÁREK, V. Struktura a vlastnosti pevných látek, Ostrava: VŠB-TU Ostrava, 2010.
Dostupné z: LMS Moodle
KRAUS, I., FIALA , J. Elementární fyzika pevných látek. Praha: ČVUT, 2016.ISBN 978-80-01-05942-5.
POKLUDA, J., F. KROUPA a L. OBDRŽÁLEK. Mechanické vlastnosti a struktura pevných látek, Brno: PC DIR, 1994. ISBN 802-1405759.
SMALLMAN, R. E., R. J. Bishop. Modern Physical Metallurgy and Materials Engineering. Oxford: Butterworth, 1999.
ASHBY, M. F., D. R. H. Jones. Engineering Materials 2, Oxford: Butterworth – Heinemann, 1999.
CALLISTER, W.D., R. Jordan a D.G. Rethwisch. Callister´s Materials Science and Engineering. 10th Edition. John Wiley and Sons Inc: United States, 2020. ISBN 1119453917. |
| Recommended Reading: |
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| CALLISTER, W.D. Jr., a D.G. Rethwisch. Fundamentals of Materials Science and Engineering, 5th Edition, John Wley and Sons: United States, 2016. ISBN 9781119249252. |
SMALLMAN, R. E. a R. J. BISHOP. Modern physical metallurgy and materials engineering. Oxford: Butterworth - Heinemann, 1999. ISBN
978-0-750-64564-5.
JONES, D. R. H. a M. F. ASHBY. Engineering materials 2, 4th edition, Oxford: Butterworth – Heinemann, 2012. ISBN 978-0080966687.
PTÁČEK, L. Nauka o materiálu II. 2. opr. a rozš. vydání, Brno: Akademické nakladatelství CERM, 2002. ISBN 80-7204-248-3.
CALLISTER, W.D. Jr., a D.G. Rethwisch. Fundamentals of Materials Science and Engineering, 5th Edition, John Wley and Sons: United States, 2016. ISBN 9781119249252. |
| Planned learning activities and teaching methods |
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| Lectures, Tutorials, Experimental work in labs, Project work |
| Assesment methods and criteria |
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| Task Title | Task Type | Maximum Number of Points
(Act. for Subtasks) | Minimum Number of Points for Task Passing |
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| Credit and Examination | Credit and Examination | 100 (100) | 51 |
| Credit | Credit | 30 | 15 |
| Examination | Examination | 70 | 15 |