Atmosphere
Composition, extent, vertical division
Temperature
Transfer of heat, warming the atmosphere
Measurement
Vertical distribution of temperature
Vertical temperature gradient, stability and instability
The temperature near the ground, ground effects, daily temperature variation, cloud effects, effects of wind
Atmospheric pressure
Barometric pressure isobar
Pressure change with altitude
The density of the atmosphere
The interrelationship of pressure, temperature and density
International Standard Atmosphere (ISA)
Altimetry
Barometric altitude, density altitude, true altitude
Height above airport, altitude, flight level
Setting the measurement of height: QNH, QFE, 1013.25 hPa
Calculation of terrain clearance, lowest usable flight level, rule of thumb for the effects of pressure and temperature
The effect of airflow zrychlovaného influence of topography, changes in temperature and pressure
Wind
Definition and Measurement
The primary cause of wind, pressure gradient, Coriolis force gradient wind
General circulation around the globe
Change in wind with height
Changing wind caused queues
Local winds, anabatic and katabatic winds, land and sea breezes, venturi effects
The origin of the jet stream
Description and location of jet streams
Recognition of jet streams
CAT: cause, prevalence and prediction
Humidity
Water vapor in the atmosphere
The temperature / dew point, mixing ratio, relative humidity
Change in aggregation (coagulation)
Condensation, evaporation, sublimation, freezing and melting, latent heat
Adiabatic
Clouds and fog
Formation of clouds
Cloud types, cloud classification
Flying conditions in each type of cloud
Fog, mist, haze
Types of fog, causes
Precipitation
Development of precipitation
Types of precipitation, the dependence on the type of cloud
Air masses and fronts
Types of air masses
Description, factors affecting the properties of air masses
Classification of airmasses, region of origin, transformation
The interface between air masses (fronts), general situation, geographical distribution
Warm Front, with the associated clouds and weather
Cold Front, with its associated clouds and weather
Warm sector related clouds and weather
Weather behind the cold front
Occlusion with associated clouds and weather
Stationary front, with the associated clouds and weather
Movement of fronts and pressure systems, life cycle
Pressure Systems
Location of main pressure units
Anticyclones, types, main characteristics, cold and warm anticyclones, ridges, subsidence
Thermal, orographic and secondary cyclone, furrows
Tropical cyclones, origin and local names, places and periods of
Climatology
Climatic zones
General circulation in the troposphere and lower stratosphere in different seasons
Tropical rain climate, dry climate, the climate of middle latitudes, subarctic, the cold winter climate, snow climate
Tropical Climatology
Intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ), weather in the ITCZ, the general movement in different seasons
Climatic features related to the (monsoons, trade winds, sandstorms, cold air incursions)
Typical weather situations in mid-latitudes
Western Waves
Areas of high pressure
Local weather and winds seasons
Risk of flight
Icing
Weather conditions for ice accretion, topographical effects
Types of icing
Danger caused by the formation and accretion of ice, to avoid frost
Turbulence
Influences on the flight, avoiding
CAT: the effects of years
Wind shear, impact on flight
Weather conditions for windshear
Storms
The structure of thunderstorms, squall lines (lines of instability), the sequence of developmental stages, storm cells, electricity in the atmosphere, static charges
Conditions for the formation and development process, a prediction, the location, type specification
Development and effect phenomenon downburst
The emergence of lightning and lightning effects on aircraft and flight performance
Tornadoes
Danger in the mountainous areas
Influence of terrain on clouds and precipitation, crossed the front
Vertical movements, mountain wave, windshear, turbulence, icing
Development and influence of valley inversions
Visibility reducing phenomena
Reduction of visibility caused by haze, smoke, dust, sand and rainfall
Reduction of visibility caused by low and high destratified destratified snow
Meteorological observations
On the ground - surface wind, visibility and runway visual range, transmisometry; Clouds - type, quantity, and the base height limit of the airport, move, weather - involving all types of precipitation, air temperature, relative humidity, dew point, atmospheric pressure
Height of observation
Satellite observations, interpretation
Observations of ground and airborne weather radar interpretation
Observation and reporting of aircraft systems, data links, PIREPS
Weather maps
Significant weather maps
Ground Map
Elevation Maps
Symbols and characters, and analyzed the prognostic maps
Information for flight planning
Airlines codes: METAR, TAF, SPECI, SIGMET, SNOWTAM, condition of the runway
Weather Radio broadcasts for aviation: VOLMET, ATIS, HF-VOLMET, ACARS
The content and use of meteorological flight documentation
Meteorological briefing and consultation
Systems for measuring and signaling the wind shear at low levels, inversion
Special weather warnings
Information for flight planning computer
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